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KMID : 1143420220150322295
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Public Health Weekly Report
2022 Volume.15 No. 32 p.2295 ~ p.2303
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Laboratory-based diagnosis results of Japanese encephalitis in the Republic of Korea
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Lee Ye-Ji
Wang Jin-Sook
Kang Hae-Ji
Lee Deok-Young
Han Myung-Guk
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Abstract
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Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a vector-borne zoonotic disease caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). The virus belongs to genus Flaviviru, Family Flaviviridae, and classified into five (I-V) genotypes according to the nucleotide sequence of the envelope protein. Because of low JE viral titer and rapid production of neutralizing antibodies, serological tests are commonly used for diagnostic tests. But Serological cross reactivity of flavivirus make difficult to diagnosis of JE. This report considered the types of samples for diagnostic tests and the timing of sample collections based on the antibody testing results. In addition, JE confirmed case was estimated infected genotype and for differential diagnosis of West Nile fever, cross-reactivity was confirmed. The analysis was conducted on Japanese encephalitis patients confirmed in 2020. Virus detection test (PCR test) was negative in all samples. We confirmed IgM positive using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the acute phase of cerebrospinal fluid. In the indirect immunofluorescence assay test, the IgG antibody titers increased more than four times in the convalescent sera compared to the acute sera or were maintained as high as 1:256 or more. Neutralizing antibody titers in the PRNT were elevated or maintained in the convalescent sera compared to the acute stage in all sera. West Nile fever antibodies showed lower antibody titers than JE, and all were determined to be West Nile fever negative. On the results, the genotypes of JEV were estimated to be GI and GV with neutralizing antibodies.
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KEYWORD
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Japaneses encephalitis, Japanese encephalitis virus, Genotypes, Neutralizing antibody, Confirmation test
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